How do you exfoliate?

The reason I dread the change of seasons is because my skin changes so dramatically. It's not only visually significant, but also psychologically challenging, with dryness and itchiness. Is it just me?

In the spring, I suffered from pollen and fine dust, but in the summer, it was so hot that my pores clogged, and in the fall, my skin started to dry out. Now, as winter approaches, I'm trying to balance my moisture level due to the extreme dryness. However, it seems that moisturizing care isn't as effective as I'd like, perhaps because of dead skin cells. I think exfoliation is the key. It's hard to visit a dermatologist or skin care shop every time to exfoliate, so I'm curious about how other people exfoliate at home. If you have any good tips, please share them.