Please recommend the cause of freckles and treatment!

hello!

The scattered shards around the darkened clown are an eyesore.
First, I'd like to know what causes the freckles on my face. I thought I applied sunscreen regularly, but I'm still perplexed by the tiny, pigmented spots around my cheekbones.

It is often said that strong sunlight is the biggest cause of freckles, but I wonder if my lifestyle or physical constitution may have an effect.
Do you conduct a preliminary investigation into the cause of each individual's freckles and then provide treatment tailored to their individual circumstances? From what I've read, I've heard that lasers are effective for pigmentation disorders.
I would like to know if there is a program that can prevent recurrence by removing the root cause of freckles rather than simply removing superficial pigmentation with a laser.

And after deciding to have the procedure, I would also like to know how long the effects will last or if it is a permanent cure.